Mental health problems and coping strategies of the population under the COVID-19 / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

The COVID-19 pandemic is not only impacting on the human lives and health, but it is also leading to many distress and emotional problems (such as fear, depression and helplessness) among the people.It also seriously influences social development and economic operation.It is important that we should pay more attention to the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health of population, provide basic protection for susceptible population, and give necessary social support and emotional comfort for the people who need help.Let us rebuild confidence and overcome difficulties together.

Mental symptoms and its influencing factors of patients with malignant tumor undergoing chemotherapy in general hospital / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To estimate the mental symptoms in malignant tumor patients undergoing chemotherapy using DSM-5 cross cutting symptom measure.Methods:A total of 314 patients who undergoing chemotherapy in oncology department of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University who met all standards were chosen. The DSM-5 cross cutting symptom measure Level 1 Scale was used to assess the mental symptoms of the patients. SPSS 25.0 software was used for χ 2 test, Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results:The most common symptoms in the patients were depressive symptoms(85/314, 27.1%), somatic symptoms (79/314, 25.2%), manic symptoms (78/314, 24.5% ) and anxiety symptoms (76/314, 24.3%). The proportion of anxiety symptoms in malignant tumor patients who were taken care of by other personnel(26/64, 40.6%) was significantly higher than that in patients who were taken care of by immediate relatives(50/250, 20.0%)(χ 2=12.23, P<0.05). Patients with unstable working conditions were more likely to have depressive symptoms (χ 2=7.64, P<0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between the patients' understanding of the disease and their scores of depressive symptoms, somatic symptoms, manic symptoms, anxiety symptoms and the total score of mental symptoms( r= -0.26, -0.15, -0.12, -0.25, -0.22, all P<0.05). In addition, the total score of mental symptoms of malignant tumor patients was significantly positively correlated with family burden and family status( r=0.11, 0.11, both P<0.05), and negatively correlated with patients' education ( r=-0.13, P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that the degree of understanding of the disease( β=-0.203) and family status( β=0.197) were the influencing factors of mental symptoms of inpatients malignant tumors undergoing chemotherapy in general hospital ( F=13.653, P<0.001). Conclusion:Malignant tumor patients undergoing chemotherapy may have a variety of mental symptoms. The high incidence mainly includes depressive symptoms, somatic symptoms, manic symptoms and anxiety symptoms. The understanding of the patients to the disease and family situation are the main influencing factors.

The recommendation for management of the bereavements among the family members died with novel coronavirus pneumonia / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

The death of a family member died with the novel coronavirus pneumonia is a special traumatic stress to the other family members and they will bear unbelievable distress and dramatic sorrow. The grief responses can be divided into normal grief responses and abnormal grief responses. The latter are much stronger, more severe, last longer and the responses can be delayed or inhibited or distorted. The management of abnormal grief responses includes counseling, supportive group, psychotherapy and medications.

Health is depended on the behavioral style: changing the unhealthy life habits and improving the quality of life / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

" Health China: 2030" is an important program and great work of the Chinese health care development in the future. Because of the many none-communication diseases (NCDs) in China are associated with some behavioral risk factors (e.g. tobacco and alcohol use, physical inactivity, and unhealthy diet, etc.), the behavioral intervention focused on these behavioral risks and unhealthy life habits should be main work for behavioral medicine. " Health is depended on the behavioral style" is always the topic of behavioral medicine promotion in China in the past, now and the future. The author recommends that the following behavioral risks control and intervention should be concerned in practice: sleep, physical inactivity and high body mass index, tobacco use and harmful use of alcohol, unhealthy diet, depression and anxiety. If these behavioral risks and unhealthy life habits would be effective intervention or controlled, the sustainable development goal index and the healthy life expectancy in China will be improved further.

The recommendations of psychological care for bereaved families of novel coronavirus pneumonia / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

The death of a family member died with the novel coronavirus pneumonia is a special traumatic stress to the other family members and they will bear unbelievable distress and dramatic sorrow. The grief responses can be divided into normal grief responses and abnormal grief responses. The latter are much stronger, more severe, last longer and the responses can be delayed or inhibited or distorted. The management of abnormal grief responses includes counseling, supportive group, psychotherapy and medications.

Emotion,behavior and health:the invariable themes of behavioral medicine / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

In recent years,some critical investigations have compelled us to improve the early recog-nition rate and treatment rate of mental disorders. Unhealthy lifestyles have become major influencing factors of health and longevity. With the effort of all practitioners,behavioral medicine has thrived in the latest dec-ades. In the future,we should put more energy in education,investigation and propagation. In short,emo-tion,behavior and health are the invariable themes of behavioral medicine.

Analysis of the characteristics and correlated factors of attempted suicide in psychological aid hotline callers / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To analyze the characteristics and correlated factors of attempted suicide among psychological aid hotline callers,and provide a reference for suicide prevention and intervention to the domestic psychological aid hotlines.Methods From September,2010 to August,2015,1 299 callers who had the database of attempted suicide among hotline callers were collected.During the calling,the callers were interviewed on their attempted suicides,depression and 10 correlated factors associated with caller's suicidal behaviors.Results Among 1 299 callers who received assessment of suicidal behavior relates factors,361 (27.8％) had evaluated of current suicidal ideation or behavior,223 (17.2％) had history of prior suicidal attempts.There was no significant difference in the incidence of suicide attempts among different gender,age and occupation.1 024 (78.8％) had symptoms of mental illness,794 (61.1％) had symptoms of anxiety,708 (54.5％) had symptoms of depression,864(66.5％) had concomitant two or more symptoms.Compared the caller's occurrence rate of suicidal attempter between single depression and concomitant other symptoms,the results found single depression and concomitant anxiety,concomitant obsession,concomitant panic and concomitant fear were statistically significant.Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that high depression emotion (β=O.389,OR=1.48,95％CI=1.08-2.02),the history of prior attempted suicide (3=0.487,OR=1.63,95％CI=1.19-2.22) and high hopelessness (β=0.618,OR=1.86,95％CI=1.32-2.60) were associated with the caller of ever attempted suicide behaviors.Conclusion Among the callers with attempted suicide,in order to improve the effectiveness of hotline prevention and invention,the psychological consultant should focus on the evaluation of concomitant mental symptoms,high depression emotion,history of prior attempted suicide and hopelessness.

The characteristics of frequent callers of Xiamen psychological aids hotline / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Objective To characterize hotline callers and related factors in Xiamen psychological aids hotline.Methods The data of 8397 callers who had used hotline were recruited from September 2010 to August 2015.During the calling,the callers were interviewed on their demographic characteristics,main counseling problems and suicidal related factors.Results Among the 8397 callers,1304 (15.5％) were frequent callers.Frequent callers had a high proportion of love and interpersonal problems,learning problems,mental illness problems.After adjusted for demographic characteristics,suicidal ideation or behavior (OR=1.417,95％CI:1.083～1.853),prior suicidal behavior 2 weeks before calling (OR=1.453,95％CI:1.058～1.996),symptoms of mental illness (OR=1.909,95％CI:1.188～3.065) were associated with repeated calls among hotline caller.Conclusion Counselor should pay attention to the suicidal related factors in psychological aids hotline to provide better service for hotline caller.

The characteristics of frequent callers of Xiamen psychological aids hotline / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Objective To characterize hotline callers and related factors in Xiamen psychological aids hotline.Methods The data of 8397 callers who had used hotline were recruited from September 2010 to August 2015.During the calling,the callers were interviewed on their demographic characteristics,main counseling problems and suicidal related factors.Results Among the 8397 callers,1304 (15.5％) were frequent callers.Frequent callers had a high proportion of love and interpersonal problems,learning problems,mental illness problems.After adjusted for demographic characteristics,suicidal ideation or behavior (OR=1.417,95％CI:1.083～1.853),prior suicidal behavior 2 weeks before calling (OR=1.453,95％CI:1.058～1.996),symptoms of mental illness (OR=1.909,95％CI:1.188～3.065) were associated with repeated calls among hotline caller.Conclusion Counselor should pay attention to the suicidal related factors in psychological aids hotline to provide better service for hotline caller.

Introduction and evaluation of DSM-5 cross-cutting symptom measures / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

The DSM-5 cross-cutting symptom measures were developed by the DSM-5 Task Force and Work Groups to serve as a review of mental systems in each patient who presents for mental health evaluation and treatment.The cross-cutting symptom measures have two levels.Level 1 questions are a brief survey for adult patients and for child and adolescent patients.Level 2 questions provide a more in depth assessment of certain domains.The comprehensive symptoms could be evaluated through the objective assessment other than symptoms fit nearly into the diagnostic criteria.The following are briefly introduced.

Correlation of cognitive function and dystrobrevin binding protein 1 gene polymorphisms in patients with recurrent depressive disorder / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between dystrobrevin binding protein 1 (DTNBP1) gene polymorphisms and cognitive function in patients with recurrent depressive disorder.Methods 49 recurrent depressive disorder patients and 60 age-,gender-and education-matched normal controls were recruited in this case-control study.Clinical symptoms were evaluated by HAMD and Wechsler adult memory scale,Wisconsin card sorting test,trail making test(TMT),verbal fluency test (VFT),S troop colorword test were used to evaluate cognitive function.The gene polymorphisms of DTNBP1 were determined by PCR-RFLP technique.SPSS 16.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results The distributions of genotypes in the patients and controls were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P＞0.05).The time in trail making A task (73.4±30.5 vs 56.2± 11.7),the digital Span (9.6±2.3 vs 8.1±3.0),visual reproduction (9.6±2.3 vs 7.4±3.1),paired association learning (9.7±2.2 vs 6.1±4.2) and Spilling forward (9.1 ±2.4 vs 7.2±2.9) in Wechsler adult memory scale,the categories completed (1.8 ± 1.6 vs 2.5 ± 1.8),total trials (47.6± 1.1 vs 47.3± 0.7) and error numbers (28.5±5.3 vs 24.1±9.3) in WCST performs,and the word meaning interference score (18.4±9.0 vs 25.3±9.5) in Stroop color-word test were monitored.Patients with the genotype of rs9476867 G/G got higher interference number than patients with DTNBP1 rs9476867 C/G and C/C,and patients with the genotype of rs16876738 A/G spent more time to finish TMT-A than patients with rs16876738 G/G and A/A.G/G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of rs9476867 and A/G SNP of rs16876738 affected attention ability.Conclusion DTNBP 1 gene polymorphisms are correlated with cognitive function in recurrent depressive disorder patients.

Anxiety and depression status among patients waiting for heart transplantation surgery at different time points / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective Although heart transplantation surgery has become more common,little is known about the psychological status of patients waiting for a heart transplant.Method Ninety-three patients registered for heart transplantation from March 2013 to March 2014 in a large general hospital in Shanghai were assessed by a psychiatrist using the Hamilton Depression Scale (17 items) and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale.Out of them 36 were preoperatively admitted to the Cardiac Surgery Department.The scales were assessed repeatedly at the 1st day,3rd day,7th day,10th day and so on until the operation took place.Result The mean scores of HAMD and HAMA of 93 patients in the waiting list were separately 13.11 ±3.81 and 14.20±4.57.Among them 18(19.4％) were classified as moderately depressed,31(33.3％) had moderately anxious symptoms,and 14(14.1％) had severe anxious symptoms.Thirty-six patients were preoperatively admitted to hospital.Their mean scores of HAMD and HAMA were separately 13.19-± 3.82 and 16.17 ± 4.35.Among them 7(19.4％) were classified as moderate depression at the time of admission,16 (44.4％) had moderately anxious symptoms and 9 (25.0％) had severe anxious symptoms.The scores of HAMD had significant difference (t =3.383,P =0.002) before and after admission.Paired t test was separately conducted to analyze the first assessment and the 3rd-day assessment of HAMA and HAMD total scores after admission of all the inpatients.The results showed the scores were statistically different (for HAMA,t =2.786,P =0.009; for HAMD,t =14.024,P =0.000).Repeated ANOVA was used to analyze the recipients who had three assessments.The results had statistical difference (for HAMA,F =4.568,P=0.020; for HAMD,F=5.626,P =0.034) and the difference of HAMD score at different time points had a linear trend (F =8.273,P =0.013).Conclusion After hospital admission,the depression symptoms will be significantly alleviated.When waiting for the transplant in the hospital,the anxiety symptoms alleviate slightly in three days and then aggravate significantly.The depression symptoms alleviate slightly continuously.

Development of mobile internet addiction and a discussion on the concept / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Since the 1990s, studies on intemet addiction and mobile phone addiction have been concerned.Of which, internet addiction refers to internet surfing via personal computers, and mobile phone addiction is usually set within the phone calls and sending short message.In recent years, the time and frequency people using mobile phones have been increasing rapidly with the popularity of smart phone and the development of mobile Internet.Some severe cases show an excessive use of mobile phone, even dependent or addictive symptoms.These results in a variety of physical, psychological and social problems of the individuals.However, today's mobile phone dependence or addiction is beyond the scope of calling and texting, but more on the use of the network function.So it needs to redefine this behavior addiction and its criteria by combining both internet addiction and cell phone addiction.It is named as mobile internet addiction.The definition would help to study the mechanism of the development of mobile internet addiction, and provide theoretical foundations for developing effective intervention strategies.

Survey on depression status of elderly residents in a Shanghai community / 中华全科医师杂志

Surveys on depression status of elderly population in a community of Shanghai Jing'an District were carried out in 2005 and 2008 respectively. The cluster sampling method was used in the study,1731 and 2315 community residents aged 60 -89 were selected in two surveys. The depression status was evaluated with geriatric depression scale (GDS). During the first survey 297 out of 1731 people were identified as depression with a prevalence rate of 17. 2%; during the second survey 374 out of 2315 people were found to have depression with a prevalence rate of 16. 2%. The factors related to depression status included family support, hobby, ability of self-taking care, family finance and chronic diseases.

Clients' evaluation on ethical behavior of their counselors or psychotherapists / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To explore the clients' assessment for the ethical behavior of the counselors and psychotherapists.Methods:The main method used in this evaluation was questionnaire,and the self-made questionnaire of the ethical problems in psychotherapy and counseling(for the clients)were used as evaluation tools.Totally 1100 clients,from 12 cities in China,were investigated with 807 questionnaires returned.Results:84.5% of the clients were confident in the treatments,and 89.2% of them gave positive assessment for the ability of their counselors and psychotherapists.15.9% of clients said the counselors and psychotherapists showed impatience or talked to them about their stress sometimes.Besides,59.1% knew about the characters,names and charge of the psychotherapies and counseling,and 53.4% knew the background of the counselors and psychotherapists.91.3% of clients thought the privacy and treatment could be kept secret.7% of clients had intimate relationship with their counselors or psychotherapists,1.5% had sexual relations,and 18.3% made friends in lives.79% of clients could receive timely psychotherapies and counseling.Conclusion:From the assessment of the clients,the vast majorities of the counselors and psychotherapists do well in work ability,confidentiality and time-setting,but not so well in informed-consent and dual relations,which need to be paid attention to and improved.

An investigation on use of sedative and hypnotic agents in urban community residents aged 60 years and over in Shanghai / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective To investigate use of sedative and hypnotics agents in urban community residents aged 60 years and over in Shanghai. Methods A cross-sectional study on use of sedative and hypnotics agents was conducted in 2248 residents aged 60 years and over in Jing' an community of Shanghai during July to October 2005 with questionnaire. Results Overall prevalence of use of sedative and hypnotics agents was 15.8% (355/2248), 7.3% (165/2248) for consecutive use and 6.2% (140/2248) for long-term consecutive use, respectively, which increased with age (P < 0.05). Prevalence of use of sedative and hypnotics agents, whatever consecutive use or long-term consecutive use was significantly higher in women than that in men [18.7 % (224/1303) vs. 11.7% (111/945), P<0.01; 8.3 % (108/1303) vs. 6.0% (57/945), P < 0.05 ; or 7. 3% (95/1303) vs. 4. 8% (45/945), P < 0.05]. Use of benzodiazepinos accounted for 90. 0 % (126/140) in those with long-term consecutive use. About 93.8 % (333/355) of sedative and hypnotic agents were prescribed by medical doctors. Conclusiong In general, prevalence of sedative and hypnotics agents use in the aged residents of community is higher, mainly with benzodiazepines. There are a few problems about their unreasonable use in women and attention should be paid to it.

Chtonic diseases and the MOS 36 item short from health survey score in community residents older than 60 / 中华全科医师杂志

This study was to investigate the relationship between chronic diseases and quality of life among community residents beyond 60.From September 2005 to November 2005,1731 residents aged 60-89 were surveyed with a general information form and the the MOS 36 item short from health survey (SF-36).The results showed that the subjects with no chronic diseases seemed to have higher scores,while SF-36 values dropped to some extent when the number of diseases increased.In comparison with diabetic or hypertensive subjects,those with heart disease had lower SF-36 scores for all items,except for general conditions and physical capability.

An analysis of relevant factors for depressive symptoms in residents aged 60 and over in Shimen Erlu Community of Shanghai / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective It aims to investigate prevalence of depressive symptoms among the elderly in community and to understand their related social factors. Methods Four neighborhood committees were randomly selected with cluster sampling as survey sites. Enrolled residents at age of 60 to 89 years were evaluated with a general background inventory and a geriatric depression scale(GDS). All the data were input to a microcomputer and were analyzed for its relevant factors with SPSS13. 0 software by multivariate logistic regression model. Results Totally, 1731 elderly people in the community were interviewed and rated with the inventory and scale mentioned above, and depressive symptoms were found in 297 of them, with prevalence of 17. 2 percent. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there were seven factors associated to their depressive symptoms in the elderly, including family expenditure, housing condition, medical condition, familial support, hobbies in spare-time, ability to take care of oneself and participation to social activities. Conclusions A few social factors, such as living alone, insufficient income for family expenditure, disability of self care-taking, lack of hobby in spare-time, less participation to social activities, lack of familial support and severe chronic diseases by serf-evaluation, are all associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly.

A controlled study on identification for depression and effectiveness of its treatment in psychiatric clinics of general hospitals / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective The study is designed to evaluate the difference in identification for depression and clinical effectiveness of its treatment between psychiatrists and non-psychiatric Dhysieians at out-patient departments of general hospitals and to analyze its related factors.Methods Totally,680 patients who visited psychiatric clinics in nine general hospitals of Shanghai at first time were screened by psychiatrists using Composite International Diagnostic Interview(CIDI)for depression and the screening resuhs were compared to the diagnosis made by non-psychiatric physicians as goal-keepers there.Altogether 297 patients with depression were recruited and assessed using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD)and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale(HAMA).A self-made questionnaire for basic information was used to assess the ability for identification of depression in non-psychiatric physicians of general hospitals.Results Psychiatrists identified depression correctly in 337 of 680 patients who visited psychiatric clinics in general hospitals at their first visit,but non-psychiatric physicians only identified 216 patients,with statistically significant difference(χ2=30.73,P=0.000).A consistent agreement on depression diagnosis between the findings by psychiatrists and by CIDI was reached with Kappa of 0.774,but Kappa for that between the findings by non-psychiatric physicians and CIDI was 0.439.Effectiveness of treatment for depression by psychiatrists was better than that by non-psychiatric physicians,with higher total score and scores for each item of HAMD four,eight and 12 weeks after treatment,respectively(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Length of professional work of non-psychiatric physicians and annual time for professional training in management of mental disorders associated with their ability of identification for depression(P＜0.05).Conclusion Ability of non-psychiatric physicians to identify alQd cope with depression in the psychiatric department of general hospitals was insufficient,suggesting that more importance should be attached to the management of service quality at psychiatric department of general hospitals.

Help-seeking Behavior of Depressive Patients Presented with Somatic Complaints / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:to study help seeking behavior of depressive patients presented as somatic complaints.Method:62 patients with depression presented with somatic complaints in general hospital and 33 presented with depressive mood in psychiatric clinics were collected. All subjects received assessment with HAMA, HAMD and a research interview.Result:depressive patients in general hospital mainly complained as poor appetite (68%), difficult in falling in sleep (66%), chest discomfort (58%), palpitation (55%), and fatigue (45%). They were different significantly to depressive patients to psychiatric clinics in level of education, help seeking behavior, illness attribution. 55 of them complained loss half of their work capacity.Conclusion:depressive patients presented as somatic complaints in general hospital consist a separate subgroup with depressive disorders.